The working principle of a ball end mill is mainly to perform milling work in narrow concave areas through its overall structure and specific geometric shape. The center point of this milling cutter is always stationary when in contact with the workpiece, which means it can accurately control the cutting path and achieve machining of complex surfaces or spheres. In addition, ball end mills can also simulate and predict their surface morphology during the machining process through specific mathematical models and algorithms, which is of great significance for improving machining accuracy and efficiency.